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　　烟草在线据彭博报道编译　　日本对提高烟酒税收上瘾。这对政客来说也是一个容易的选择，如果提高关键税收如进口税、消费税和公司税，都会引来谴责。

　　在上周初（7.10——7.16），当被问及政府如何筹集到地震和海啸造成的大约20万亿日元或者更多的重建资金时，经济部长Kaoru Yosano说，他认为“提高烟草税收到的抱怨会更少一些”。

　　但是提高卷烟税是否会有很大差别还有疑问。现在日本的吸烟率不到25%，而日本长期以来被认为是烟民的天堂，在1966年，吸烟率达到了49.4%的高点。

　　政府还可能面临着两难困境，增税促使吸烟者戒烟，导致税收很少。事实上，自从去年烟草税的上调在10月1日生效以来，与上一年相比，在10月到5月期间，烟草销量急跌了30%。

　　提税幅度空前——每支卷烟提高3.5日元，即每包卷烟提高70日元。这导致烟草价格提高将近40%。在过去，日本政府烟草税的上调幅度局限于每次每支卷烟最高上调大约1日元，所以每年烟草能持续产生大约2万亿的税收。

　　执政党日本民主党呼吁更多考虑卷烟对健康的影响，这导致税收的增幅远高于过去的水平。(新商盟网xinshangmeng.org)

　　据在日本销售建牌、库尔和好彩品牌的英美烟草称，但是历史表明，大幅提高税收，造成了问题层出的局面。英美烟草说，包括英国在内的世界各国，在20世纪90年代晚期，提税时，烟草消费和吸烟人口都没有发生变化。它们看到烟草税收收入急剧下降，未成年吸烟者越来越多的危险。从烟草税收仍很低的国家中流入和走私进入的假冒烟草产品是造成这些问题的原因。

　　“这使提税远离了最初的促进健康的宗旨，”英美烟草日本公司的法规和公共事务主管Ryosuke Tsuji说。

　　本月早些时候，一个媒体报道称，政府正在制订一个新计划，允许把每包烟税提高到50日元，这将转化为高达2000亿日元的进入国库的新税收。但是这是基于一个不太可能的假设：烟草销量不会进一步下滑。

　　据日本的烟草协会称，在日本，烟草税和消费税现在占到了烟草价格的64.5%，每包费用为410日元。

Would Raising the Cigarette Tax Help Japan's Reconstruction Costs?

July 17th, 2011By Hiroyuki Kachi(新商盟网xinshangmeng.org)

　　Hiking tax on tobacco and liquor is addictive in Japan. It's also an easier option for politicians, who would receive a tongue-lashing for hiking key taxes – income tax, consumption tax and corporate tax.

　　Earlier this week, Economy Minister Kaoru Yosano said he thinks "tobacco tax is something that receives less complaints," when asked about how the government would fund an estimated ￥20 trillion or more budget for the quake and tsunami reconstruction.

　　But doubts remain whether raising the tax on cigarettes would really make much of a difference. Japan's smoking population now stands at less than 25%, though it had long been considered a smokers' paradise with smoking rates hitting a peak of 49.4% in 1966.

　　The government also may encounter a dilemma in which a tax hike prompts smokers to quit smoking, resulting in paltry tax revenues. In fact, tobacco sales (between October and May) in volume terms have tumbled 30% on year since the last tobacco tax hike went into effect on Oct. 1 last year.

　　The hike was of an unprecedented magnitude - a ￥3.5 hike per cigarette, or ￥70 on a pack of cigarettes. That led to about nearly 40% hike in tobacco prices. In the past, the Japanese government's tobacco tax hikes have limited the magnitude to about ￥1 per cigarette each time, so tobacco has continued to generate about ￥2 trillion in tax revenue annually.

　　The ruling Democratic Party of Japan called for greater consideration of the health impact of cigarettes, leading to a much steeper pace of tax increases than in the past.(新商盟网xinshangmeng.org)

　　But history shows that steep tax hikes cause problematic situations, according to British American Tobacco Japan, which sells Kent, Kool and Lucky Strike in Japan. BAT says that countries around the world, including the U.K. in the late 1990s, experienced no changes in tobacco consumption and the smoking population when taxes rose. They also saw steep falloff in tobacco tax revenue and an increasing risk of underage smokers. What had caused these problems was a flow of counterfeit tobacco and smuggling from countries where tobacco taxes remain low.

　　"That would push a tax hike away from the initial health-promoting purpose," said Ryosuke Tsuji, head of regulatory & public affairs of British American Tobacco Japan.

　　A media report earlier this month said a new plan was being raised within the government to allow a hike in tobacco tax by up to ￥50 per pack, which would translate into up to ￥200 billion worth fresh tax revenue into the national vault. But the scenario is based on a very unlikely assumption that tobacco sales in volume won't decline further.

　　In Japan, tobacco taxes and consumption tax now make up 64.5% of tobacco prices with a cost of ￥410 per pack, according to the Tobacco Institute of Japan.

日本提烟税有助于日本筹集重建资金吗？